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Oxford Dictionary of African American English (ODAAE) |
Kontakt/Bestellung
Contact/Order: info@digento.de 
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Hrsg. v. Henry Louis Gates Jr. |
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Online |
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Inhalt :: Content Umfassendes wissenschaftliches Wörterbuchprojekt zur Erforschung und Dokumentation des afroamerikanischen Englisch, das das amerikanische Englisch sowie die weltweite Umgangssprache tiefgreifend geprägt hat. Wie das Oxford English Dictionary (OED) baut das ODAAE auf historischen Prinzipien auf. Es dokumentiert Wortbedeutungen, Grammatik, Aussprache und Schreibweisen nicht nur im aktuellen Zustand, sondern zeichnet die Entwicklung von Begriffen über die Jahrhunderte nach. Jeder Eintrag wird mit Zitaten und Textnachweisen gestützt. Die Quellen reichen von historischer Literatur, Briefen und Zeitungen bis hin zu Songtexten, Social Media und Alltagssprache. |
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Verlag :: Publisher Oxford University Press, Hutchins Center for African & African American Research, Harvard University |
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Preis :: Price Preise auf Anfrage / Prices on request |
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Das Angebot richtet sich nicht an Verbraucher i. S. d. § 13 BGB und Letztverbraucher i. S. d. PAngV. |
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Bestellnummer bei digento :: digento order number 109229 |
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Verlagsinformation :: Publisher's information The Oxford Dictionary of African American English (ODAAE) is a landmark scholarly initiative to document the lexicon of African American English (AAE) in a dictionary based on historical principles. For all those interested in AAE, it will be the definitive reference for information about the meaning, pronunciation, spelling, usage, and history of AAE words. The project At OUP we’re proud to be initiating this timely and important project with the team at Harvard. African American English has had a profound impact on the world’s most widely spoken language, yet much of it has been obscured. The ODAAE seeks to acknowledge this contribution more fully and formally and, in doing so, create a powerful tool for a new generation of researchers, students, and scholars to build a more accurate picture of how African American life has influenced how we speak, and therefore who we are.
Spearheaded by Prof. Henry Louis Gates, Jr., this research project brings together the lexicographical resources of Oxford Languages and the Hutchins Center’s network of scholars of African American studies to produce a groundbreaking work of scholarship that will serve as a cornerstone of new research into African American language, history, and culture. A diverse team of lexicographers and researchers, the ODAAE team will create a dictionary that will illuminate the history, meaning, and significance of this body of language. The ODAAE will be an evidence-based, descriptive dictionary, and its purpose is not to influence what words are used, or how they are used, but to provide a record of how language is being used. ODAAE will be an authoritative record of AAE lexicon. For all those interested in AAE, it will be the definitive reference for information about the meaning, pronunciation, spelling, usage, and history of AAE words.
Every speaker of American English borrows heavily from words invented by African Americans, whether they know it or not. Words with African origins such as ‘ ‘goober’, ‘gumbo’ and ‘okra’ survived the Middle Passage along with our African ancestors. And words that we take for granted today, such as ‘cool’ and ‘crib,’ ‘hokum’ and ‘diss,’ ‘hip’ and ‘hep,’ ‘bad,’ meaning ‘good,’ and ‘dig,’ meaning ‘to understand’—these are just a tiny fraction of the words that have come into American English from African American speakers, neologisms that emerged out of the Black Experience in this country, over the last few hundred years. And while many scholars have compiled dictionaries of African American usage and vocabulary, no one has yet had the resources to undertake a large-scale, systematic study, based on historical principles, of the myriad contributions that African Americans have made to the shape and structure of the English language that Americans speak today. This project, at long last, will address that need. Henry Louis Gates Jr., Editor-in-Chief An introduction to African American English AAE is an umbrella term used to describe the distinctive varieties of English spoken primarily by and among African American speakers. AAE, with its roots in African languages and creoles, has been a major influence on the development of English vocabulary, particularly in the 20th and 21st centuries, contributing full categories of words and phrases that have had a profound impact on the way that English is used in the United States and the rest of the world. What is being documented? A large body of research has shown AAE to be systematic, rule-governed, and robust, with much depth for serious linguistic scholarship and documentation. Its lexical features are the results of the natural evolution of a living language used by a people with a rich, diverse history and vibrant culture. Alongside meaning, pronunciation, spelling, usage, and history, each entry will be illustrated by quotations taken from real examples of language in use. This will serve to acknowledge the contributions of African-American writers, thinkers, and artists, as well as everyday African Americans, to the evolution of the US English lexicon and the English lexicon as a whole. The editing of the Oxford Dictionary of African American English will realize a dream I’ve nurtured since I first studied the pages of Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary of the English Language: to research and compile fully and systematically the richness of African American English, using the lexicographical tools and historical principles that the Oxford English Dictionary embodies, including examples of usage in Black literature and discourse from their earliest manifestations to the present. This massive project draws upon decades of scholarship from the most sophisticated linguists, especially those colleagues who have graciously joined this project as members of our advisory board, as well as the vast academic resources at Harvard’s Hutchins Center for African and African American Research, and the crowd-sourced contributions of speakers of African American English as well. Henry Louis Gates Jr., Editor-in-Chief
Historical lexicography is based on the principle that entries should be based on actual linguistic fact, chiefly drawn from examples illustrating contemporary usage over different periods of time. The practice of historical lexicography thus requires developing and analyzing a large and representative corpus of evidence. An essential part of the ODAAE project is the development and maintenance of evidence resources to support lexicographical analysis and description. Entries in the ODAAE will be supported by quotation evidence with real examples of words in use shown throughout the documented record. The primary function of these quotations will be to illustrate the way a word or sense is used through its history from its earliest use to the present day. Just as OED entries are exemplified by quotations from names such as William Shakespeare, Jane Austen, and George Orwell, the entries in ODAAE will be illustrated by quotations from figures such as William Wells Brown, W. E. B. Du Bois, Zora Neale Hurston, Langston Hughes, Ralph Ellison, Martin Luther King, Jr., Toni Morrison, John Edgar Wideman, and August Wilson. The work of African American artists and musicians will also be represented, as lyrics from jazz, blues, hip-hop, and R&B can provide quotation evidence just as much as novels, essays, poems, and plays. The role of African Americans in shaping the vocabulary of their language will also be highlighted by quotations taken from sources such as slave narratives, letters, diaries, newspaper and magazine articles, even posts on “Black Twitter”. Since the early 20th century, there have been several attempts to document the AAE lexicon in dictionaries and glossaries. In 1938, jazz bandleader and singer Cab Calloway published Cab Calloway’s Hepster’s Dictionary, considered to be the first dictionary to be written by an African American. A similar work of around the same time is Hepcats Jive Talk Dictionary, by Lou Shelley, published in 1945. Taking a wider view was Clarence Major’s Juba to Jive: A Dictionary of African-American Slang, which was published in 1994 with this title, but was originally published as the Dictionary of Afro-American Slang in 1970. As its title suggests, Major’s dictionary covers AAE slang from as early as the 18th century—juba being a dance performed by enslaved people from the 1790s—to contemporary times, as represented by jive. Other works documenting African American slang are The Third Ear by Herese E. Roberts (1971), Lexicon of Black English (1977) by Joey Dillard, and the more recent African-American Slang by Maciej Widawski (2015), which features a glossary with definitions and example sentences. Another noteworthy dictionary is Black Talk: Words and Phrases from the Hood to the Amen Corner by Geneva Smitherman, published in 1994 and revised in 2000. Again, as suggested by its title, Smitherman’s dictionary contains words and phrases that are used in both secular and religious environments.
Some general dictionaries of English also include coverage of lexical items characteristic of AAE. The Dictionary of American Regional English (DARE) and several volumes of the Publication of the American Dialect Society (PADS) explicitly label their entries for words used by African Americans during certain time periods. The Oxford English Dictionary also contains hundreds of entries that it identifies as being exclusively, chiefly, and/or originally in African American usage. |
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